Strategies To Resolve The Principal Agent Problem Accounting Essay

Strategies To Resolve The Principal Agent Problem Accounting Essay In general, the principal-agent problem refers to difficulties of motivating one party the agent to act for the best interest of the other party the principal. In a company, the owners of the assets (the stockholder) are the principals and the managers of the company are the agents. The stockholders of the company authorize the managers to manage and use their resources to make profit for the stockholders. (Kaskarelis, I. A. 2010) The cause of the principal-agent problem is that the information asymmetry between the principal and the agent and the principal and agent have different interests. (Ulrike, L., Arleta, M) Generally, the Agents are the managers of the resources and have more information than the principals. In a company, the managers of the company will have more information about the company than the stockholders of the company. The agents may use this asymmetric information to get interest for themselves rather than the principals. Figure 1, Basic Model of Principal-agent problem In general, the principal-agent problem is the problem that the agent is not doing the best for the principals. The so-called principal-agent problem is really caused by the interest conflicts between the two parties. As a principal, he or she wishes the agent to do the best for his or her interest. As an agent, he or she should do the best for the principal. However, without enough and appropriate motivations from the principal, the agent may not doing the best for the principals. If the agent is not acting for the interest of the principal, the moral hazard happens. This is the classical model of principal-agent problem. In order to motivate the agent to work for the best interest of the principal, incentives should be given. Strategies to resolve the principal-agent problem Make appropriate incentive structure The first strategy of solving the principal-agent problem can be from the incentive aspect of the agent. The cause of the principal-agent problem is the motivation given to the principals. Based on the experiment of principal-agent problem, high performance of the agents were observed if good compensations were given to the agents. (Ulrike Leopold-Wildburger, Arleta Mietek, 2010) Even though the relationship between the compensation and the performance is not linear, the outputs of the agents have positive relationship with the compensation of the agents. Yuliy Sannikov (2008) advocates that the dynamic incentives play very important role in the economic life. In a company, the wages of the managers and also the employees can affect the performance results of the company. Connecting the compensations of the agents to the performance will give incentives to the agents to do their best. In a company, the employees salaries can be connected to the performance results of the employees. The managers salaries can be linked to the performance of the company. In this situation, the managers of the company will have enough incentive to do their best. The stockholders of the company can also enjoy the better profits of the company. One alternative solution is to give the managers of the company certain amount of corporate stocks. The income of the managers are affected by the stock prices (Bruhl, R. H. (2003). The managers will have the incentive to do the best to increase the stock price of the company. In fact, many listed companies have the so called Equity Incentive Package (Bronstein, R. J. 1980). Pro and cons This strategy of solving the principal agent problem is the most basic one and the short-term effect can be seen immediately. Linking the agents compensation with the performance by giving the managers corporate stock is the most effective way to solving the principal agent problem. The potential drawback of this strategy is that giving the managers stock may result in the possibility of insider trading. Evaluate the performance of the agent continuously The second strategy of solving the principal-agent problem is to monitor the agents behavior and evaluate the performance of the agents. I will explain this in the case of a company. In a company, the managers as the agents and the stockholders of the company are the principals. The managers behaviors are monitored by the stockholders closely in order to make sure that they are doing the best for the interest of the stockholders. In the company, the evaluation of the performance of the company is also very important. When the evaluation of the performance plays a role in determining the compensation of the employees, that is to say there is still room for the employees to improve the performance (Carl Blumstein, 2010). with the monitoring of the companys performance, the managers of the company tend to perform better. Pro and cons Continuous evaluation of the performance in a company can motivate the managers continuously (Long, N., Sorger, G. 2010). Because of the continuous motivation, the performance of the company can keep improving. This is the biggest advantage of the strategy. However, the evaluation process of the managers is a time and money consuming task. The evaluation or monitoring of the agents may incur a lot of expenses. Regulate the agent with moral standards The principal-agent relationship is not only a kind of legal relationship between the principal and the agent. The principal agent problem is also a moral hazard problem (Randy, S. 2011). According to the basic business ethics, it is ethical for the agents to do the best to represent the interest of the principals. The first strategy of solution by building the appropriate incentive structure of the agents and the second strategy of monitoring the activities of the agents can get only short term results. In the long term, establishing the ethical awareness of representing the best interest of the stockholders can be a good choice. With a good ethical awareness, the principal and agent problem can be solved in the long term (Ruachhaus, R. W. 2009). In the case of Psychiatrists Relationships with Industry, the principal agent problems can be solved from both incentives and ethical view (Appelbaum, P. 2010). The doctors are the agents of the patients. The doctors with high moral standard will not recommend medicines of high cost to the patients unless is necessary. Pro and cons The moral standard improvement requires a long time and also needs the commitment of the employees. The moral issues in the principal agent problem can be seen clearly, but sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish. The potential advantage of this strategy is that it can achieve long term result in the company. Conclusion The principal agent problem comes from the asymmetric information between the principal and the agent and the principal and agent have different interests. The principal hires the agent to work for him and the agent works for the interest of the principal. Without enough motivations, principal agent problem appears. The principal agent problem is also a moral hazard problem. There are three alternative solutions to overcome the principal agent problem. One is to give incentives to the agent. The second is to evaluate and monitor the agents activity to make sure the agent works best. The last solution is depending on the moral standards. All these three solutions have different advantages and disadvantages.

Corruption in Malaysia

I have oral test with my group on next weak and I have found this text on internet? Composition of Forum Example Essay Title: Corruption Chairman of the Forum: greetings. The teachers and classmates. As of this morning we are thankful for another opportunity to discuss social problems which I think is more chronic in the absence of drastic measures taken to address them. Without delay time, let me introduce the panel members, which left me was his right split B and C are the relative Title of the forum this morning is â€Å"the problem of corruption inMalaysia. † Next, I call our first panel, the relative B provides definitions of corruption and its characteristics. Brother B: hi and thank you chairman. Web-based anti-corruption commission (MAC), corruption is an act that involves giving and receiving of money or specific goods with intent to prevent the action taken or receive privileges. Corrupt practices involving all levels of society whether in public or private sector. W hich kind of support will be in the form of material, such as money, cars and houses, and forms of entertainment such as women.Brother C: According to the Prime Minister, Dates Series Abdullah Madam Bawd described the corruption as a cancer and if left unchecked will cause a government collapse and thereby tarnish the image in the eyes of the international. Chairman: We have been clear on the issue of corruption. Now what are the opinions of our panel members about the causes of corruption? Brother B: My chairman. Let me put in a bit. The main cause is peer influence. When I saw my colleagues being corrupt and enjoy the luxuries of life without any action, a person would be tempted to accept bribes.Stress at work is able to interfere with feelings, especially if senior officers were also involved. Without thinking, one that will be easily affected and were corrupt because they want to quickly enjoy the luxury of living in this mortal world. Chairman: C Maybe you want to add an opini on on the cause of corruption? Brother C: Chairman, I agree with you B. In addition, the law in our country are causing many poor people are not afraid of the punishment imposed.For example, legal action is considered a light punishment to the culprits of corruption as impaired with the number of corruption are taken by them have given a negative outlook on the capabilities of our Judicial system to address this issue. In addition, the lighter sentence is said to be motivated to certain parties to take the risk of corruption because the recipient is aware that coffee money they are able to enjoy Chairman: Thank you C, I hope we can all work together to prevent corruption and do not embarkation rooted in the minds of the people of Malaysia. Moreover, the problem is more serious.What is his relation to B steps to overcome? Brother B: Government should Meghan attitude of civil servants and the private for more trust and responsibility. The slogan â€Å"Clean, Efficient and Trustworthy † introduced by former Prime Minister Tuna Dry. Empathic Mohammad should be embraced by all public and private sector. Service counters have been introduced in all government offices to avoid the practice of giving and receiving â€Å"coffee money. † Bureaucracy should also be reduced or eliminated to create more efficient and effective. This was never raised by the Honorable Prime Minister in his speech in Parliament recently.Chairman: Thank you B. It appears that you have something to C is pronounced. Please. Brother C: The government should enforce laws for the public aware of how dangerous and serious problem of corruption, if not eradicated, and are confined to national security. Penalties are more severe Jail terms provided in the Anti- Corruption Commission (MAC) 2009 Parliament passed the new recently slogan can be daunting. The court also suggested that the maximum punishment. More power to act against people who refuse to cooperate den the MAC also can change the attitude of the hemp that has refused to cooperate.Whistler's should be rewarded. They should also get protection from the authorities. Chairman: Thank you C, and I think we are at the end of the forum. In summary, I think the problem of corruption in our country is a serious problem and needs to be addressed immediately. Therefore, I urge all parties to helping the government address this problem. In addition, let me express my gratitude to the highest members of the panel. However, what could I do not allow us time to talk further. Thank you. Is there any wrong word or sentences in this essays? Please help me.. BTW I'm from Malaysia

Samarium Facts - Sm or Element 62

Samarium or Sm is a rare earth element or lanthanide with atomic number 62. Like other elements in the group, it is a shiny metal under ordinary conditions. Here is a collection of interesting samarium facts, including its uses and properties: Samarium Properties, History, and Uses Samarium was the first element to be named in honor of a person (an element eponym). It was discovered in 1879 by  French chemist Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran after he added  ammonium hydroxide to the preparation made from the mineral samarskite. Samarskite gets its name from its discoverer and the man who loaned Boisbaudran the mineral samples for his study -- Russian mining engineer  V.E. Samarsky-Bukjovets.Ingesting the right dose of samarium chloride will allow it to bind with alcohol and prevent you from getting intoxicated.Its unknown exactly how toxic samarium is. Its insoluble compounds are considered non-toxic, while the soluble salts may be mildly poisonous. There is some evidence samarium helps stimulate metabolism. It is not an essential element for human nutrition. When salts of samarium are ingested, only about 0.05% of the element is absorbed, while the rest is immediately excreted. Of the absorbed metal, about 45% goes to the liver and 45% is deposited on to bone surfaces. The remainder of the absorbed metal is eventually excreted. The samarium on bones remains in the body for around 10 years.Samarium is a yellowish silver-colored metal. It is the hardest and the most brittle of the rare earth elements. It tarnishes in air and will ignite in air  at about 150  °C.Under ordinary conditions, the metal has rhombohedral crystals. Heating changes the crystal structure to hexagonal close-packed (hcp). Further heating leads to a transition to a body-centered cubic (bcc) phase.Natural samarium consists of a mixture of 7 isotopes. Three  of these isotopes are unstable but have long half-lives. A total of 30 isotopes have been discovered or prepared, with atomic masses ranging from  131 to 160.There are numerous uses for this element. It is used to make  samarium-cobalt permanent magnets,  samarium X-ray lasers, glass that absorbs  infrared light, a catalyst for ethanol production, in the manufacture of carbon lights, and as part of a pain treatment regimen for bone cancer. Samarium may be used as an absorber in nuclear reactors. Nanocrystalline  BaFCl:Sm3 is a highly sensitive x-ray storage phosphor, which may have applications in dosimetry and medical imaging. Samarium hexaboride, SmB6, is a topological insulator that may find use in quantum computers. The samarium 3 ion may be useful to make warm-white light-emitting diodes, although low quantum efficiency is an issue.In 1979, Sony introduced the first portable cassette player, the Sony Walkman, made using samarium cobalt magnets.Samarium is never found free in nature. It occurs in minerals with other rare earths. Sources of the element include the  minerals monazite and bastnasite. It is also found in samarskite, orthite, cerite, fluorspar, and ytterbite. Samarium is recovered from monazite and bastnasite using ion exchange and solvent extraction. Electrolysis may be used to produce pure samarium metal from its molten chloride with sodium chloride.S amarium is the 40th most abundant element on Earth. The average concentration of samarium in the Earths crust is 6 parts per million and about 1 part per billion by weight in the solar system. The elements concentration in seawater varies, ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 parts per trillion. Samarium is not homogeneously distributed in soil. For example, sandy soil may have a samarium concentration 200 times higher at the surface as compared with deeper, damp layers. In clay soil, there may be over a thousand times more samarium at the surface than further down.The most common oxidation state of samarium is 3 (trivalent). Most samarium salts are pale yellow in color.An approximate cost of pure samarium is about $360 per 100 grams of metal. Samarium Atomic Data Element Name:  SamariumAtomic Number:  62Symbol:  SmAtomic Weight:  150.36Discovery:  Boisbaudran 1879 or Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac 1853 (both of France)Electron Configuration:  [Xe] 4f6  6s2Element Classification:  Rare earth (lanthanide series)Name Origin:  Named for the mineral samarskite.Density (g/cc):  7.520Melting Point ( °K):  1350Boiling Point ( °K):  2064Appearance:  Silvery metalAtomic Radius (pm):  181Atomic Volume (cc/mol):  19.9Covalent Radius (pm):  162Ionic Radius:  96.4 (3e)Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol):  0.180Fusion Heat (kJ/mol):  8.9Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol):  165Debye Temperature ( °K):  166.00Pauling Negativity Number:  1.17First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol):  540.1Oxidation States:  4, 3, 2, 1 (usually 3)Lattice Structure:  RhombohedralLattice Constant (Ã…):  9.000Uses:  Alloys, magnets in headphonesSource:  Monazite (phosphate), bastnesite References and Historical Papers Emsley, John (2001). Samarium. Natures Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 371–374. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.Weast, Robert (1984).  CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp.  E110.  ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.De Laeter, J. R.; Bà ¶hlke, J. K.; De Bià ¨vre, P.; et al. (2003). Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report).  Pure and Applied Chemistry. IUPAC.  75  (6): 683–800.Boisbaudran, Lecoq de (1879).  Recherches sur le samarium, radical dune terre nouvelle extraite de la samarskite. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des sà ©ances de lAcadà ©mie des sciences.  89: 212–214.

Essay on Nurture versus Nature - 756 Words

Nurture versus Nature The human brain is a portion of the central nervous system and serves as the control center for movement, sleep, hunger, and virtually everything else vital and necessary to survive. Not only that, but the brain also controls all human emotions from fear and love, to elation and sorrow. It also receives and interprets countless signals from other parts of the body and the outside environment. Summarily, the brain makes us conscious, emotional, and intelligent. Its no wonder that with everything going on in the brain, so much emphasis is placed on its development. We now know, from scientific research, that the brain grows at a rapid rate within the first years of an infants life. With this information in mind,†¦show more content†¦The structure of the brain is delicate, especially during the maturation years of development. If the brain is traumatized in any such way within the first years of childhood, those traumatic events will shape the brain as it would have they been jovial ones. These events change the structure of the brain in numerous ways. Though these changes are internal, they have a tremendous outcome on behavior as well. Trauma elevates stress hormones, such as cortisol, that wash over the tender brain like acid, as a result, regions in the cortex and in the limbic system are 20 to 30 percent smaller in abused children than in normal kids. (Begley, p.20) This 20 to 30 percent difference generates enough anxiety to induce spouts of stress hormones at the slightest thought or reminiscence of a previous traumatic situation. This kind of reaction often causes problems with attention, concentration, and impulsive behavior. The ability to learn can also be altered via early childhood trauma. It is from this trauma that neurotransmitters, that play a key role in telling growing neurons where to go and what to connect to (Begley, p.32), are matted and cause insufficiency in learning capabilities. Only in rare cases of extreme isolation is it possible to observe concretely separated two factors in the development of human personality which are always otherwise only analytically separated, the biogenic and theShow MoreRelatedNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1602 Words   |  7 Pagesshape their personality? The nature versus nurture debate serves as one of the most ancient issues ever. As of this day in the year 2016, we have come to understand and realize that both nature and nurture do actually play very distinct roles as far as human development. It is still unknown however, whether we are developed specifically due to nature or to nurture. In the novel Frankenstein, the theme of nature versus nurture is quite apparent. However, due to the nurture aspect in the novel, the creatureRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : The Nature Versus Nurture1268 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most popular debates among people is the idea of nature versus nurture. According to psychology. about.com: The nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest philosophical issues within psychology†¦nature refers to all of the genes and hereditary factors that influence who we are – from our physical appearance to our personality characteristics [while] nurture refers to all the environmental variables that impact who we are, including our early childhood experiences, how we were raisedRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1678 Words   |  7 PagesNature Versus Nurture Personality development expands far past the environment. Environment contribute to most of the personality development when it comes to nature versus nurture. Nature versus nurture is a trait that is typically inherited in the human society. Humans see things good or bad within the environment and mimic it. There are questions that still remain about nature versus nurture and the environment. Research is still ongoing and theories are still being made or developed. ScientistsRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture882 Words   |  4 Pagestheir parents. Meaning they think Nature is a big part in their life and why they are who they are. The genes in each cell in us humans determine the different traits that we have, more dominantly on the physical connections like eye color, hair color, ear size, height, and other traits. However, it is still not known whether the more abstract attributes like personality, intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes are ge ne-coded in our DNA. The nurture theory has experiments showing a child’sRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture Essay1939 Words   |  8 PagesNature versus Nurture You got your dark brown hair from your father and you got your looks from your mother, but where did you get your excitement for sports and your love for all animals? A person’s physical characteristics lean more towards genes and heredity, but our genes are not mentioned as much when behavior is the topic. This is how the nature versus nurture debate first began. Scientists who believe in the nature theory believe that people behave the way they do due to heredity and genesRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1360 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs Nurture Nature versus nurture is a complicated subject to speak about. If one’s abilities or lack of are due to their environment or their genes. For example, a child is behaving negatively in class. Many individuals are quick to jump to the conclusion that â€Å"Oh, that kid’s parents don’t care, or just don’t know how to raise their child.† That could very well be a possibility, but most people never think that maybe they have a hereditary problem, such as ADHD, that was passedRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture2710 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract If someone inquires about nature versus nurture, this paper will give not one specific answer but a combination of both answers. Human personality is a combination of environment and a biological characteristic that controls precisely where the individual will end up in the developmental spectrum. The experiences that individuals will develop from throughout stages of development, their childhood and into their adulthood, play a great part in their conscious and unconscious motives. TheRead MoreNature versus Nurture1424 Words   |  6 Pageshelping raise Frank. A whole family of women stepped forward and took over handling the newborn whenever Maria desired. The striking difference between the childhoods of her two sons is reflected in the child development of theory of nature vs. nurture. Nature vs. Nurture suggests that certain behaviors of children are inborn, and occur naturally, genetically, or biologically while other behaviors are results of environmental influences and surroundings. In the Journal of Family Psychology, it hasRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : The Debate Of Nature Versus Nurture895 Words   |  4 PagesNature vs. Nurture The debate of nature versus nurture has been an ongoing debate for a long time. When applying this argument to education there is no proven winner. The nature side of the coin believes that a person is born the way that they are. This could include intelligence level or personality traits such as being outgoing or shy. The other side of the argument of nurture believes that the type of upbringing that someone has will play a large role in the way they develop. It is thoughtRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1337 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs. Nurture There are many different ways that behavior can be explained, especially on the terms of nature vs. nurture. Aggression is a behavior that has been extensively analyzed in a complex manner and the causes of it can be explained many different ways. Aggression can be defined as hostile or destructive behavior that can cause injury or destructive outlook especially when caused by frustration. Nature can be defined as aspects of behavior that have been inherited or are genetic, while

Most Dangerous Game vs. Young Goodman Brown Essay

Fiction Essay COURSE # and TITLE: ENGL 102: Literature and Composition SEMESTER OF ENROLLMENT: Spring B19 2012 NAME: Nick Barbir ID #_23920518_ WRITING STYLE USED: MLA Nick Barbir Mrs. Horne ENGL 102-B19 6 February 2012 The Most Dangerous Game vs. Young Goodman Brown In two of the most well-known short stories, â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, there are ironic similarities portraying evil between their settings, characterization, and plot. I. There happen to be different settings in both of the short stories but both of the settings adapt well with their plots. a. In the short story, â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† the setting takes place in the early 1920’s after the First World†¦show more content†¦American literature fully captures what it means to be an American through the ages, and, as an American, all of an American’s duty to know where they came from and how they got to where they are today. American Literature provides a great number of well-written works, but this discussion is going to be between, â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† written by Richard E. Connell and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† authored by Nathaniel Hawthorne. In two of the most well-known short stories, â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, there are ironic similarities portraying evil between their settings, characterization, and plot. There happen to be different settings in both of the short stories but both of the settings adapt well with their plots. In the short story, â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† the setting takes place in the early 1920’s after the First World War on a small tropical island somewhere in the Caribbean, known as Ship-Trap Island by the sailors. Amongst the sailors, they have a mysteriously threatening reputation, which typically scares others. Individuals who pass by the area of Ship-Trap Island sense a subtle, deceptive sense of evil that haunts a number of individuals. The island is covered with a condense jungle that extends all the way down to its insidious, rocky terrain. Whereas, in the short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† the story is set in the late seventeenthShow MoreRelatedCompare And Contrast The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1012 Words   |  5 Pages Fiction Essay Young Goodman Brown vs. The Lottery Authors: Nathaniel Hawthrone and Shirley Jackson ENGL 102 Spring Zuidema October 16, 2017 Page Break Nyasia Midgette ENGL 102 October 9, 2017 Thesis Statement: The Lottery by Shirley Jackson and Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthrone stories, Shirley Jackson encourages her readers to question their beliefs, actions, and the world by creating struggle. PageRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesam delighted to present the Cali ­ for ­ ia Preschool Learning Founda ­ n tions (Volume 2). This publication is the second of a three-volume series designed to im ­ rove early learning and p develop ­ ent for California’s preschool m children. Young children are naturally eager to learn. However, not all of them enter kindergarten ready for school. All too often, children are already lagging behind their classmates, and this circumstance can impede their continued learning and developmentRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesBeck recently developed the Clark–Beck Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory to assess self-reported severity of obsessive and compulsive symptoms. Dr. Clark has received a number of research grants to study the cognitive basis of emotional disorders, the most recent being a Canadian federal grant to investigate intentional control of unwanted intrusive thoughts. He is also a founding member of the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group, an international research group devoted to the study of theRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoff extended the retreat of globalization, but nurtured the liberation of most of humanity from colonial rule. The collapse of the Soviet empire, and the freeing of its satellite states across Eastern Europe beginning in the late 1980s, marked another major watershed that further problematizes uncritical acceptance of theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 ExperientialRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesThis online teaching and learning environment integrates the entire digital textbook with the most effective instructor and student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visualRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesproblems might be overcome. Since the appearance of the first edition in 1992, the marketing environment – and therefore the challenges facing marketing planners and strategists – have changed in a variety of often dramatic ways. 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Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreDamodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 Pagesof Relative Valuation Chapter 18: Earnings Multiples Chapter 19: Book Value Multiples Chapter 20: Revenue and Sector-Specific Multiples Chapter 21: Valuing Financial Service Firms Chapter 22: Valuing Firms with Negative Earnings Chapter 23: Valuing Young and Start-up Firms Chapter 24: Valuing Private Firms Chapter 25: Acquisitions and Takeovers Chapter 26: Valuing Real Estate Chapter 27: Valuing Other Assets Chapter 28: The Option to Delay and Valuation Implications Chapter 29: The Option to Expand

Online and Campus Classes Free Essays

It’s time like these that make people want to go back to school to get a degree or further their education. Although most people cannot afford to go to college and while others can afford to go. There still be questions that linger over both group of people head about is it better to do online courses or on campus courses. We will write a custom essay sample on Online and Campus Classes or any similar topic only for you Order Now People want to go back to school but the time and money is they biggest factor that hold them back from doing just that. Doing online will be less time consuming and can save them some money as well.Although, studies show that â€Å"Research suggests that online courses have significant higher dropout rates than face-to-face courses,†(Tello,2007). By that most people get phobia to do online classes and they just do not worry about it anymore. It not easy to do online classes because students will have to study more and they have less interaction with the instructor. In the same way, good feedback from the instructor help students in online courses to perceived to higher satisfaction(Tello,2007). Even though that more students in online courses dropout than on campus due to little interaction with the instructor, online is better for people who do not have time or money to go to school on campus because some people feel more comfortable in their home than a classroom and online courses save you extra time for other duties you have to do around the house. The Prestige of Students Who Attend on Campus College are Greater with the Instructor   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Higher quality of learning on campus college seems to be better for students.Students have better interaction with the instructor going to on campus college. Students have a better feel for the courses and learn more with the help of the instructor and their classmates. One factor that is consistently identified as contributing to students achievement, satisfaction, and persistence in face-to-face college classroom is interaction(Tello,2007). Face-to-face discussions help some instructor to help students with cer tain problems they might have with the assignment. The instructor can see which student is having a difficulty time with their work and can help them to correct the problem. Face-to-face help the instructor and students to figure out what they need to do to better themselves for the course. For instance, when a student have a problem with learning an assignment then the instructor can sit down with that student and talk it over. Students can also form groups to study together in, which will help each other out on the problems they are having with the assignment. In-Person Classes In-person classes are needed for students that better learn with face-to-face interaction. Most students have a problem interpret what they read in text.That’s why some research suggest that online courses have a higher drop-out rate than face-to-face courses(Tello,2007). Most students requires much needed interaction with the instructor especially in complex classes. To help the students better understand what’s going on with the assignment. For students who seem to learn better that way need to take classes on campus. Also, in-person help students and the instructor to gain a bond with each other. Teachers and students can become very close friends over a period of time by seeing each other everyday.Doing face-to-face classes give students the ability to stop their instructor and let them know they’re lost. For instance, when a certain text of the assignment become complex a student, they can stop the instructor and get help on that part of the assignment. By doing that give the instructor and students time to go over the text and figure out what the student are having a dilemma with. Face-to-face have its advantage over online courses do to more interaction with the instructor. Students can raise their hand to ask question to the instructor when needed.In an online class the student have to post that question in a forum and wait until the instructor get time to answer that question. It might seem that online classes are bad to do because of less interaction with the instructor but that just the outlook of it. If a student engage more into the discussion question like they should than they will have no problem with interaction with the instructor. In class on campus the student can easy stop the instructor and get help and that true. The students can do the same thing online as well but it different than just raising your hand. All the student have to do is post any question they have and the instructor will answer their question. That why it’s important that the student have and do their work on time. So if there is a question about the assignment they need to know they can find out the answer in good time. Online teach students the importance of time management and how to stay ahead. The way the students do things on campus is totally different than online classes. Students see that if they play around then they will fall behind quick. They really do not have time to joke around because they have a time frame to turn in their work. This make the students more responsible to learn how to keep things in order and use their time wisely. Online might have it down turn as well as it upside to it but in the long run online stand out better than on campus. The Risk of Students on Campus College   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many risks students can be involved in while going to college on campus. The affect of students going to college on campus are high for students. So many students are face with so much peer pressure every day at school. One of the main risk students have on campus is HIV.Students are at high risk for HIV by having sex with multiple partners while attended college on campus(Adefaye, Abiona, Balogan, Durrell,2009, August). Students also be pressure by their classmates to drink and party a lot. Furthermore, that leave students with less time to study for their class. Students lack in study going to college on campus than students in online classes. Most students attend all types of parties that go on in college. Students do not put time into study do to the lack of rest they get from the parties they attend every other night.When ask, students reply that they have only one life to live while they young and they going to enjoy themselves. For the ones who do online classes do not be pressure to go party because they are at home doing they school work. They go out too but after the work has been done because they have no roommate in their ear saying come on and let’s go party. Online is More Convenience for People to do   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Online is more convenience for people to do then college on campus. Most people up in age feel more comfortable at home doing their school work than on campus.Do to age difference in college most older people feel out of place around the younger students. That why they have more people who are a family person doing online classes. Especially women, they are likely to attend online classes than men. Women feel more pressure at college from others than the men do. Women have more peer pressure put on them to do things that they do not feel comfortable doing. That’s why the gender play a big role to the percentage of students that enroll in online classes(Dabai, Hawa,2008, Spring).The males are more likely to go to school on campus than online but it also convenience for them too. It might seem that it better suit the women than the men to do online but it good for all gender. Some males feel better to just be at home and do their work as well. If people have very little income coming in that make it hard to afford a room on campus or drive to school everyday than online is the way to go. Trying to get up and fight the through all the traffic and get to school on time can be a headache at times. That why when you do online them type of things is not a factor to worry about.All the student have to do is get up out of bed and walk to your computer and log in. Time can be on your side when doing online classes. Students have a Better Overall Outcome in an Online Classes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Students have better outcome in online classes than on campus does. For instance, students that do online classes study harder to learn what they are reading to past the course. Students that go to school on campus take it easy do to the help the can receive from their classmates. Time management is a big key factor in doing online classes. Students have to plan ahead to get their work done and turn in on time.With good time management students can set aside necessary time to do others things around the house. At home students can study and get their work done with minimal distractions from others. Students can better concentrate and focus better at home without the distractions from other students. Online is convenience for students who cannot afford to get back and forth to school. It save time and money that most people do not have to give these days(Anonymous,2009,10,Sept). Plus, some faculty have better success with students online than on campus. With some studies done on distance education â€Å"Their results suggest that experienced faculty view distance education as effective in terms of students performance and instructor-to-student interaction, and they ‘promote and recommend engagement in distance education’(p. 69)†(Bolliger Wasilik,2009,p. 103). These days it good to learn how to use a computer and do school work on it. Most jobs people get now ask for some type of computer skills. Now that will benefit the student who been doing online classes because they have more experience in the computer than a student who do school on campus.The more a student do work online the more they become familiar with the computer and build their computer skills. Online help people in so many ways not just for school but also for a future job. Even though that more students in online courses dropout than on campus, due to little interaction with the instructor online is better for people who do not have time or money to go to school on campus. Doing online classes help out in many ways with people who cannot afford to go to school on campus. For instance, if you’re a parent and cannot find anyone to watch their child for them until they go to school.Then online classes will be perfect for that parent to do and at the same time save money for a babysitter. Online classes take more study to do but its still take a load off of the student from trying to run back and forth to college on campus. With some studies done on distance education, †Their results suggest that experienced faculty view distance education as effective in terms of student performance and instructor-to-student interaction, and they promote and recommend engagemen t in distance education’(p. 9)† (Bolliger Wasilik,2009,p. 103).References Tello, F. S. (2007, July-Sep). International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Edu. Vol. 3, Iss3; pg 47, Retrieved September 7, 2009, from Proquest database Dabai, F. , Hawa, B. (2008,Spring). â€Å"The role of gender and age on students’ perceptions toward online educations case study, Vocational High School. † International Journal of Humanities and Socail Sciences, 2. 2; 102. Retrieved on September 7, 2009, from Gales database Doris, U. B. , Oksana, W. 2009, May). Distance Education Melbourne: Vol. 30, Iss. 1; pg. 103. 14pgs. Retrieved on September 7, 2009, from Proquest database Anonymous. (2009,10,Sept). Computer weekly News, Atlanta: pg. 126. Retrieved on September 7, 2009, from Proquest database Adefuye, A. S. , Abiona, C. T. , Balogun, A. J. , Durrell, M. L. ,(2009,4,August). HIV Sexual risk behaviors and perception of risk among college students: Implications for planning interventions. (Research article)(Report) Retrieved on September 7, 2009, from Gale database How to cite Online and Campus Classes, Papers

Social Media Recruitment Research Study

Question: Describe about Social Media Recruitment: Research Study? Answer: Sample design Primary as well as secondary research will be undertaken so that the researcher can collect complete information about recruiting through social media. A detailed insight about the research that was undertaken is discussed below. The researcher started with the secondary research so that they can understand the thoughts of other researchers on social media recruitment. They researchers will undertake studies through newspaper, journal and magazines. This is a new trend in recruitment; hence, lot of information will be available about social media recruitment for secondary research. Primary research will also be undertaken so that the researcher can understand from the recruiter as well as the candidate. The researcher spoke to the recruiters to understand their motive and experience with using social media recruitment. This allowed the researcher to understand the efforts that are put in by the recruiter on social media to get the right set of people. On the other end, the researcher also spoke to some IT professionals so that they can get an idea on how the IT professionals perceive about recruiting through social media. The researcher will try to understand the perception that people form when they look at job openings on the social media (Konrad 2013). Limitations of the research The researcher used both the methods of research so that the research can be perfect but there were certain limitations. Few of the limitations that the researcher faced while they undertook the research are as follows: - The time period required to complete the research was more than what the research got one. The researcher needed some time to look for better studies but they didnt have extra time available to them. All the recruiters were not willing to talk the tactics that they use for recruitment on social media. Getting the required information from the recruiter as well as the candidate was a challenge. The research was very qualitative in nature and hence, the researcher wouldnt collect maximum information based on the facts and numbers (Pempek 2009). Analysis Sources of recruitment from social media If an organization is planning to undertake recruitment from social media then they need to be sure of the source from where they are planning to hire. They cannot just hire from any random social media website. There are plenty of websites but choosing the right one is very important. Few of the social media websites that can be trusted for the purpose of recruitment are discussed below. Facebook is the place wherein people from different corners of the world are present. People share their personal profiles and they exchange messages with their friends. The recruiters can create pages wherein they can post jobs that will liked by people from particular profile. Recruiters can also request the friends and friends to friends to share the job openings so that more and more are aware of the existing openings. Blogging is also one of the other social media that can help the recruiter to get access to profiles that arent shared on the job portal. If there are plenty of recruiters then the recruiter can motivate their colleagues as well to do job posting on the blog. This will help to attract more candidates (Jovanoviv 2012). LinkedIn is one of the most professional social media websites where people upload their resume and get in touch with people who they think can be value adding to their career growth. The recruiters can connect with people who possess the skills that the recruiter is looking. Apart from that, the recruiters can also message the candidates about the opening that they possess. Interested candidates will revert back with the resume and this can be value adding to the recruiter. Twitter is also one of the best places where the recruiter can look for people who will match their requirement. The recruiter should ensure that the number of people who are following them on Twitter is more so that a lot of people will get to know about the opening. Lastly, the recruiter can also use YouTube. YouTube is one of the best websites where people can share videos. The recruiter can upload attractive videos about the company and also the existing job opening. This will help the recruiter to attract the candidates towards the company. The recruiter will have to put in efforts so that they can create an attractive video and at the same time, they will have to ensure that a lot of potential candidates are viewing the video that is shared on YouTube (Hamade 2013). Recruitment process using social media If the recruiter has decided to opt for social media platform for the purpose of recruitment then they will have to stick to a process. If the recruiter is not in sync with the process then they will not be able to hire right candidate. The process that would help any recruiter to source right resume from social media are discussed below. There are plenty of social networking sites so the recruiter will have to choose a social media that they think will best meet their requirement. The social media website will be considered to be appropriate to hire IT resumes. The recruiter cannot look for electrician on social media websites. There may be specific websites wherein people from a particular industry will discuss about the problem that they may be facing. This is one of the best ways by which the recruiter can reach the right set of people. On the social networking site, the recruiter will come across plenty of people who are looking for a job but the recruiter cannot just randomly shortlist any resume. The recruiter should take time and only shortlist the perfect resumes so that the candidates can go for the interview and crack the interview if they are smart enough. If the recruiter is posting a job advertisement then they should ensure that applying for the job is simple. If the recruiter thinks that the candidates will put in efforts to apply for the job then they are wrong. The recruiter will have to understand and accept a simple fact that the candidates on the social media site may not be desperate for a job and hence, they may not put in efforts to apply for the job. The job advertisement that you have placed on the social media website should be attractive. The advertisement should sell the company so that the job applicants are willing to be a part of the company. Even the best of company will not be able to attract candidates through social media sites if they post one-liner job requirements (Fusco 2012). Why social media recruiting? There are various reasons due to which social media recruiting is considered to be better than that of the other types of recruitment. Few of the reasons due to which social media recruitment should be opted by the companies are discussed below. Social networking sites are the place where people can meet and hence, even if few of the people get to know about the open position then they can pass on the information to their friend. There are more than 900 million people available on social media and hence, the recruiter can be rest assured that they will be able to easily close the open position. If a recruiter works on any particular kind of positions then they can connect will all the possible professionals in similar kind of profile. If the recruiter is good with connecting then they need not put in efforts to close any position. They can just place a job advertisement on the social media site and they will see plenty of applicants. The recruiter can just line up the candidates whom they think is suitable for the position. If the recruiter is using social media for recruitment then they can be rest assured that they can target the right set of people. One may not get to know about the kind of person that one is recruiting when it is done through job portals or internal database but that is not the case with social media target. This allows the recruiter to target right set of people rather than that of just hiring someone for the sake of it (Buzzetto 2012). Benefits of social media recruitment There are various benefits of social media recruiting and hence, the companies are motivating the recruiters to do so. Few of the benefits that the company will gain if they undertake recruitment through social media are discussed below. Social media is the place where people ensure that they spend at least some time of their day. If the company opts for recruitment through social media then they can build a brand image. The potential candidates will see the name of the company repeatedly and then they may collect information which may be beneficial to the recruiter as well as the company. Social media is one of the most cost-efficient ways by which recruitment can be undertaken. If the company buys a job portal then they will have to pay for the subscription. To stay ahead in the competition, they will have to pay for multiple portals and not just any one single job portal. Social media networking is available for free of cost. If the organization is planning to do IT recruitments through social media then they are rest assured that they are hiring the best quality resources. The people who use social media networks are considered as early adopters and also smart with the work that they job and hence, the recruiters can be confident enough that they are hiring the best available people. Recruitment through social media is much quicker than that of recruitment through other sources. The number of people who check social media sites regularly are high as compared to people who check the job sites. The recruiter can close the position quickly (Bennett 2010). Recommendations Few of the recommendations that would help social media recruitment to be far better than what it is today are as follows: - 1. The recruiter can create a separate recruiter profile so that people can get to know the kind of recruiter. The recruiter can be friends with people on social media network so that people can share their job requirements. The recruiter will help the candidates as well as the company to look for something that best matches with their requirement. 2. If the recruiter is not sure about the seriousness of the candidate on the social media network then they can ask the candidate to take an online test. Online test is time consuming and hence, only serious candidates will take up that test (Article 2012). Conclusion Social media recruiting will be the future of recruitment. Today, in job interviews, the recruiters are asked about their comfort with recruitments from social media network. The recruiters will have to undertake social media networking so that they can increase their market value. On the other end, the candidates will have to look for social media than job portals so that they can get the job that they want. References Article, 2012, Dermatology and social networking sites, Indian Dermatology online Journal, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 211 Bennett, J, 2010, Workplace impact of social networking, Property management, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 138-148 Buzzetto, N, 2012, Social networking in undergraduate education, Interdisciplinary journal of information, knowledge and management, Vol. 7, pp. 63 Fusco, S, 2012, Location-Based Social Networking: Impact on Trust in Relationships, Technology and society magazine, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 39-50 Hamade, S, 2013, Perception and use of social networking sites among university students, Library Review, Vol. 63, No. 7, pp. 388-397 Jovanoviv, J, 2012, Social networking, teaching, and learning, Interdisciplinary journal of information, knowledge and management, Vol. 7, pp. 39 Konrad, E, 2013, Cultural Entrepreneurship: The Impact of Social Networking on Success, Creativity and innovation management, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 307-319 Pempek, T, 2009, College students' social networking experiences on Facebook, Journal of applied developmental psychology, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 227-238